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随着新能源汽车和储能技术的快速发展，锂资源的提取已经成为近几年的热点，而锂云母则是目前我国锂资源提取的主要原料之一.通常锂云母和石英、长石等脉石矿物伴生，因此，如何有效分离锂云母和石英，以减少后续锂资源浸出过程的酸耗量，一直都是研究的热点.在此基础上，研究了一种新型改性铵盐类捕收剂12-S对锂云母和石英的捕收性能的影响，通过微浮选试验、表面润湿性测试、接触角、Zeta电位、FTIR测试等方法探索了12-S对锂云母和石英浮选分离效率的影响，并研究了其在锂云母和石英表面的作用机理.通过微浮选试验，得到在pH值为4、捕收剂12-S用量为40 mg/L的的条件下，锂云石和石英的可浮性差异明显，可实现高效浮选分离；表面润湿性测试证明，12-S的捕收性能仅次于十二胺；由接触角、Zeta电位测试可知，捕收剂与锂云母作用后的接触角及Zeta电位变化的差值更大，证明其对锂云母的吸附能力更强；FTIR测试证明捕收剂通过物理吸附作用在锂云母表面.相比于十二胺、十八胺和油酸钠，该捕收剂对锂云母有更好的捕收性能，可实现锂云母和石英的选择性分离.
Abstract：With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and energy storage technology, the extraction of lithium resources has become a hot spot in recent years, and lepidolite is one of the main raw materials for the extraction of lithium resources in China.Lepidolite is usually associated with gangue minerals such as quartz and feldspar.Therefore, the effective separation of lepidolite and quartz and the reduction of acid consumption in the subsequent leaching process of lithium resources have always been a research hotspot.On this basis, this paper studied the collecting performance of a new modified ammonium salt collector 12-S on lepidolite and quartz.The effect of 12-S on the flotation separation efficiency of lepidolite and quartz was explored by micro-flotation test, surface wettability test, contact angle, Zeta potential and FTIR test, and the mechanism of 12-S on the surface of lepidolite and quartz was studied.Through the micro-flotation test, it was found that under the condition of pH=4 and the amount of collector 12-S of 40 mg/L,the floatability of lepidolite and quartz was significantly different, and efficient flotation separation could be achieved.The surface wettability test proved that the collecting performance of 12-S was second only to dodecylamine.The contact angle and zeta potential tests show that the difference between the contact angle and Zeta potential changes after the collector interacts with the lepidolite is larger, which proves that the collector has stronger adsorption capacity for the lepidolite.FTIR test proved that the collector acted on the surface of lepidolite by physical adsorption.Compared with dodecylamine, octadecylamine and sodium oleate, the collector has better collecting performance for lepidolite, and can realize the selective separation of lepidolite and quartz.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16112/j.cnki.53-1223/n.2025.05.402
中图分类号:TD955;TD923.13
引用信息:
[1]冯梦菲,谢海云,张鑫意,等.一种改性铵盐类捕收剂在锂云母和石英浮选分离中的应用及机理研究[J].昆明理工大学学报(自然科学版),2025,50(05):13-20+55.DOI:10.16112/j.cnki.53-1223/n.2025.05.402.
基金信息:
深地国家科技重大专项（2024ZD1004002）